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Verbs: the family map

The engine: tenses, modals, voice and verb patterns.

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# Verbs ## 7 Tenses ### A1 - be: am, is, are - have / have got - Present simple: positive - Present simple: negatives & questions - Present continuous - Present simple or present continuous? - was / were - Past simple: regular verbs - Past simple: irregular verbs & did - Past time phrases: yesterday, last week, ago ### A2 - Past simple: more irregular verbs - Past continuous; when & while - Past simple or past continuous? - used to - going to - will & shall - Present continuous for the future - Verb forms & auxiliary verbs - Present perfect: experience (ever, never, been, gone) - Present perfect: just, already, yet ### B1 - Present perfect or past simple? - for, since, ago, during; by or until? - Present perfect continuous - Past perfect - State verbs & action verbs - All the futures compared - Future continuous & future time clauses - used to, be used to, get used to ### B2 - Narrative tenses & past perfect continuous - Future perfect & future continuous - be about to, be due to; was going to - Habits: would, used to, will, always -ing - Stative verbs 2: You're being silly ### C1 - Future in the past - be to; be bound to, be sure to, be likely to - Tense for distance & politeness - Special uses of the present ### C2 - Tense & aspect for stance - Aspect nuance ## 8 Modals ### A1 - can / can't (and how modal verbs work) ### A2 - must, mustn't, have to, don't have to - should for advice - could, be able to; asking for things & permission - may & might - Suggestions & offers: Let's, Shall we, How about ### B1 - Deduction now: must, might, can't - had better, ought to, be supposed to - need, be allowed to, managed to - Polite requests: Would you mind…? ### B2 - Deduction about the past: must have, can't have - Past modals: should have, could have, needn't have - Modals with continuous & passive infinitives - dare, need; be able to; won't for refusal ### C1 - Modality 1: may well, might as well, That'll be John - Modality 2: must have been waiting; can't or mustn't? ### C2 - Fine modality ## 9 Voice ### B1 - Passive 1: present & past simple - Passive 2: perfect, future & modals ### B2 - Ergative, reflexive & reciprocal verbs - Passive 3: continuous, infinitive, two objects - Passive 4: phrasal verbs, get-passive, needs doing - Causative: have/get something done - It is said that… / He is said to… ### C1 - Impersonal passive - Passive with see & make; choosing active or passive ### C2 - Voice: expert choices ## 10 Verb patterns ### A1 - like, love, hate + -ing; would like ### A2 - Verbs with two objects: give me it / give it to me - Linking verbs: look, feel, sound, seem + adjective - Phrasal verbs: first steps - verb + to or verb + -ing? (basics) - to for purpose: I came to study ### B1 - Phrasal & prepositional verbs - The many uses of get - make, do, have, take, give + noun - -ing or to? Verbs that change meaning - want sb to; make, let, help sb do - -ing as a subject and after prepositions ### B2 - Perfect & passive -ing and to - I saw him cross/crossing; prevent sb from -ing - Fixed expressions + -ing: it's no use, look forward to - Adjective / noun + to: It's kind of you to… ### C1 - Advanced complementation: painted it red - -ing or to: the subtle cases

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